Ultrasonic Inspection is used to detect material defects or changes in material properties by transferring high frequency sound waves into the material. High frequency sound waves reflect if they hit any obstacle on the path of travel. The signal reflected according to the angle of impact may or may not come to the receiving probe. The signal coming to the receiver probe is observed as an echo sign on the screen of the ultrasonic examination device. Thus, the coordinates of the reflector in the examination part can be calculated according to the position and height of the echo, and it may be possible to comment on the type of reflector.

Significant changes in the sound velocity and sound attenuation characteristics in the examination part locally make it difficult to make an accurate assessment. Inspection may sometimes be impossible in materials with a large grain structure or high sound attenuation due to absorption. In order to obtain accurate and reliable results, probes specially designed for the inspection surfaces should be used. Reference blocks are also needed, as the surface condition of the inspection part directly affects the inspection results.